Lichen Records from Dobrogea, Romania more

Muzeul Olteniei Craiova. Oltenia. Studii §i comunicari. §tiintele Naturii, Tom. XXIV/2008 ISSN 1454-6914 LICHEN RECORDS FROM DOBROGEA, ROMANIA MUSTAFA YAVUZ', GULSAH COBANOGLU Abstract. In this study, a list of 50 lichen taxa from Dobrogea Region of Romania is reported after a supplementary workshop and a beneficial result of Socrates Comenius Project Meeting organised by Palatul Copiilor Constanta. Two species, Catapyrenium squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss and Physconia perisidiosa (Erichsen) Moberg are new records for Romania. Forty-eight species are new records for Constanta and twenty-three species, for Tulcea provinces. Keywords: Lichens, Constanta, Tulcea, Dobrogea, Romania. Rezumat. Informatii despre lichenii din Dobrogea, Romania. In acest studiu, este prezentatfi o lista cu 50 taxoni de licheni, intalniti in provincia Dobrogea din Romania, ca rezultat al unui workshop suplimentar sj al rezultatului benefic in urma intalnirii in cadrul Proiectului Comenius Socrates, organizat la palatul Copiilor din Constania. Doua specii, Catapyrenium squamulosum (Arch.) Breuss sj Physconia perisiudiosa (Erichsen) Moberg, sunt semnalate pentru prima data in Romania. Patruzeci §i opt specii sunt semnalate pentru prima data pentru judetul Constanta, iar douazeci §i trei specii pentru judetul Tulcea. Cuvinte cheie: licheni, Constanta, Tulcea, Dobrogea, Romania. INTRODUCTION There are a number of floristic studies on lichens of Romania. However, in the knowledge of province-level, there are still some gaps. The study area is located in Constanta and Tulcea counties from Dobrogea Region of Romania (Fig. 1). There have been 9 papers referring to lichens in Dobrogea Region (Servit & Cretzoiu 1936, 1937; Moruzi & Mantu, 1963; Codoreanu & Ciurchea, 1965a, 1965b; Moruzi & Mantu, 1966; Moruzi et al., 1967; Codoreanu, 1969 and Bartok, 1988). In these papers, 117 lichen species are given from several regions of Tulcea province and there are only 3 lichen records from Constanta (Moruzi & Mantu, 1963; 1966; Moruzi et al., 1967). The present study aims to contribute to the floristic records of lichens in these two provinces and to the lichen flora of Romania. Fig. 1. Constanta, Tulcea and Romania. Fig. 1. Constanta, Tulcea §i Romania. Localities of Collecting Sites: Constanta: 1. DB01: Constanta, Trofeul Traiani, Adamclisi; 150 m, 44°06'07.00"N - 27°57'20.80"E, 16.V.2007. 2. DB02: Constanta, Cheile, Cheia; 80 m, 44°30'19.22"N-28°25'50.80"E, 17.V.2007. 3. DB03: Constanta, Casino, Sea side; 2 m, 44°10'12.50"N - 28°39'47.00"E, 04.VII.2007. 17 MUSTAFA YAVUZ GULS. AH COBANOGLU Tulcea: 4. DB04: Tulcea, Horia; 175 m; 45o00'45.2"N-28°26'53.1"E; 13.IV.2008. 5. DB05: Tulcea, Macin Mountains National Park; 130 m; 45°14'39.7"N-28°11'42.2"E; 13.IV.2008. 6. DB06: Tulcea, Valea Teilor, Near Nicolitel; 270 m; 45°10'3.1"N - 28°29'20.5"E; 13.IV.2008. According to data from Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Forests, the climatic diagram of Constanta is given in Fig. 2. The average annual mean temperature is 11.4 °C and the annual precipitation is about 385.5 mm. The drought term for Constanta is between June and October; where rest of the year is season of precipitation. 25,0 15,0 * - / • 1 II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII -•-Temp pc) 0,7 1,3 4,6 10,3 15,9 19,5 21,1 21,2 18,2 13,0 7,3 3,0 # Preci (mm) 30,5 27,9 25,4 30,5 38,1 40,6 30,5 33,0 27,9 30,5 43,2 38,1 50,0 20,0 Fig. 2. Climatic Diagram of Constanta. Fig. 2. Diagrama climatica inregistrata la Constanta. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is based on lichen specimens collected during EU Socrates Comenius Project Meetings (Green Days Green Cities1) in May, July 2007 and April 2008 where Palatal Copiilor Constanta was the hosting school. The lichen material including corticolous, saxicolous and terricolous samples was collected in six localities. Geographic coordinates and elevations were recorded as well as the substrate types. The locality information is given below. Determinations were made at least at species level by using standard identification methods with the aid of flora books (Clauzade & Roux, 1985; Purvis et al., 1992; Wirth, 1995). Lichen specimens are preserved in the Herbarium of Faculty of Science and Arts, University of Marmara, Istanbul (MUFE); with numbers ROMDbOl - ROMDb50. These herbarium numbers belong to a special collection Lichenes Romania /Dobrogea in MUFE. RESULTS Fifty lichen taxa are listed alphabetically. In the list, names of taxa are followed by locality and substrate information as well as the herbarium numbers. Two species indicated with the symbol "®" are new records for Romania. Twenty-three taxa indicated with a star "*" are new records for Tulcea while twenty-five taxa indicated with a number sign "#" are new records for Constanta provinces. New records were double checked according to Ciurchea (1998 Catalog of Lichens in Romania. http://www.bgbm.org and 2007 Lichenologic Flora of Romania, http://lichens.duci.ro). The names of authors are abbreviated according to Brummitt & Powell (1992). The nomenclature follows recent literature (Santesson et al., 2004). The abbreviations used for substrate-type data in the list of taxa are given as: CR: Calcareous Rock, SR: Siliceous Rock, ST: Soil, Terricolous EP: Epiphytic (Carpinus sp., Elaeagnus sp., Juglans sp., Plathanus sp., Pseudacacia sp. and Tilia sp.) Turkish National Agency (Centre for European Union Education and Youth Programme) has funded Turkish Coordinator School with the numbers: 06-TUR01-S2C01-00550-1 and 07-TUR01-CO06-01075-2. Project partners are Pendik Kaynarca Sevket Sabanci Lisesi from Istanbul Turkey, IES Gonzalo de Berceo from Alfaro La Rioja Spain and Palatul Copiilor Constanta from Constanta Romania. 18 Muzeul Olteniei Craiova. Oltenia. Studii si comunicari. §tiintele Naturii, Tom. XXIV/2008 ISSN 1454-6914 List of Taxa: 1. # Acarospora fuscata (Nyl.) Arnold DB05 SR, (ROMDb41). 2. # Aspicilia calcarea (L.) Korb. DB02 CR, (ROMDbOl). 3. # Aspicilia cinerea (L.) Korb. DB05 SR, (ROMDb42). 4. # Bacidia rubella (Hoffm.) A. Massal. DB06 EP, on Carpinus sp. (ROMDb31). 5. * # Caloplaca citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. DB03 CR, (ROMDb02). 6. * # Caloplaca lactea (A. Massal.) Zahlbr. DB02 CR, (ROMDb03). 7. # Caloplaca saxicola (Hoffm.) nordin DB03 CR, (ROMDb04). 8. # Candelariella aurella (Hoffm.) Zahlbr. DB03 CR, (ROMDb06). 9. * # Candelariella medians (Nyl.) A. L. Sm DB02 CR, (ROMDb07). 10. * # Candelariella reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau DB04 EP, on Plathanus sp. (ROMDb37); DB06 EP, on Carpinus sp., on Plathanus sp. 11. # Candelariella vitellina (Hoffm.) Mull. Arg. DB05 SR, (ROMDb43). 12. ® * # Catapyrenium squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss DB02 CR. (ROMDb08). 13. * # Cladonia foliacea (Huds.) WlLLD. DB02 ST, (ROMDb09). 14. * # Cladoniapyxidata (L.) Hoffm. DB05 ST, (ROMDb44). 15. # Cladonia rangiformis (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg. DB02 ST, (ROMDblO); DB05, ST. 16. * # Collema crispum (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg. DB02 CR, (ROMDb 11). 17. * # Dirina massiliensis durieu & Mont. DB02 CR, (ROMDb 12). 18. # Everniaprunastri (L.) Ach. DB04 EP, on Juglans sp., (ROMDb28); DB06 EP, on Carpinus sp. 19. # Lecanora albescens (Hoffm.) Branth & Rostr. DB03 CR, (ROMDM3). 20. * # Lecanora dispersa (Pers.) Sommerf. DB03 CR, (ROMDb 14). 21. # Lecidella elaeochroma (Ach.) M. Choisy DB04 EP, on Juglans sp. (ROMDb29); DB06 EP, on Plathanus sp. 22. * # Leproplaca xantholyta (Nyl.) Hue (Syn: Caloplaca xantholyta (Nyl.) Jatta) DB03 CR, (ROMDb05). 23. * # Melanelia exasperatula (Nyl.) Essl. (Syn: Parmelia exasperatula Nyl.) DB01 EP, on Tilia sp. (ROMDb 16); DB06 EP, on Plathanus sp. 24. * # Melanelia subargentifera (Nyl.) Essl. (Syn: Parmelia subargentifera Nyl.) DB04 EP, on Juglans sp. (ROMDb32). 25. # Parmelia sulcata taylor DB04 EP, on Juglans sp. (ROMDb33). 26. # Parmelia tiliacea (Hoffm.) Hale DB04 EP, on Juglans sp., (ROMDb34); DB06 EP, on Carpinus sp. and on Plathanus sp. 27. # Peltigera rufescens (Weiss) Humb. DB02 CR, (ROMDb 17). 28. * # Pertusaria albescens (Huds.) M. Choisy & werner DB06 EP, on Carpinus sp. (ROMDb38). 29. # Phaeophyscia orbicularis (Neck.) Moberg DB01 EP, onPseudacacia sp. (ROMDM8); DB04 EP, on Juglans sp.; DB06 EP, on Plathanus sp. 30. * # Physcia adscendens (Th. Fr.) H. Olivier DB01 EP, on Juglans sp., Pseudacacia sp., Tilia sp. (ROMDb 19); DB04 EP, on Juglans sp.; DB06 EP, on Plathanus sp. 31. # Physcia stellaris (L.) Nyl. DB01 EP, onElaeagnus sp., Tilia sp. (ROMDb20); DB04 EP, onJuglans sp. 32. * # Physcia tribacioides Nyl. DB04 EP, on Juglans sp. (ROMDb35). 33. * # Physconia distorta (With.) J.R. Laundon DB06 EP, onPlathanus sp., (ROMDb39); DB06 EP, on Carpinus sp. 34. ® * # Physconia perisidiosa (Erichsen) Moberg DB06 EP. on Carpinus sp.. (ROMDb40). 35. * # Pleurosticta acetabulum (Neck.) Elix & Lumbsch (Syn: Parmelia acetabulum (Neck.) Duby) DB04 EP, onJuglans sp., (ROMDb30). 36. # Protoparmeliopsis muralis (Schreb.) M. Choisy DB03 CR, (ROMDM5). 37. # Ramalina fastigiata (Pers.) Ach. DB04 EP, on Juglans sp., (ROMDb36). 38. # Ramalinapolymorpha (LlLJ.) Ach. DB05 SR, (ROMDb47). 39. # Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. DB05 SR, (ROMDb48). 40. * # Romjularia lurida (Ach.) TlMDAL (Syn: Psora lurida (Ach.) DC.) DB02 CR, (ROMDb21). 41. * # Sarcogyne regularis Korb. DB02 CR, (ROMDb22). 42. # Squamarina cartilaginea (With.) P. James DB02 ST, (ROMDb23). 43. * # Toninia Candida (Weber) Th. Fr. DB02 CR, (ROMDb24). 44. * # Umbilicaria grisea Hoffm. DB05 SR, (ROMDb49). 45. # Verrucaria nigrescens Pers. DB02 CR, (ROMDb25). 46. # Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Hale (Syn: Parmelia conspersa (Ehrh. ex Ach.) Ach.) DB05 SR, (ROMDb45). 47. # Xanthoparmelia pulla (Ach.) O. Blanco, A. Crespo, Elix, D. Hawksw. & Lumbsch DB05 SR, (ROMDb50). 48. Xanthoparmelia somloensis (Gyeln.) Hale (Syn: Parmelia somloensis Gyeln.) DB05 SR, (ROMDb46). 49. #Xanthoria elegans (Link) Th. Fr. DB02 CR, (ROMDb26); DB03 CR. 50. Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th. Fr. DB01 EP, onPseudacacia sp., Tilia sp., (ROMDb27); DB04 EP, onJuglans sp.; DB06 EP, onPlathanus sp. 19 MUSTAFA YAVUZ GULS. AH COBANOGLU DISCUSSION The list includes 50 species belonging to 32 genera, of which 25 species are common for both provinces Constanta and Tulcea. The most frequent 5 genera within the study area are Candelariella (represented by 4 species), Caloplaca, Cladonia, Physcia andXanthoparmeHa (all are represented by 3 species). The lichen composition is rather rich at collecting sites DB02, DB06 and DB04. Cheile (DB02, Cheia, Constanta), has the highest percentage of taxa with 15 species (30%) and a diversity on calcareous substrata. Valea Teilor (DB06, Tulcea), a forest area with many Carpinus sp., Plathanus sp., and Tilia sp. trees, also has a large number of taxa with 13 species (26%). At Horia (DB04 Tulcea), from an agricultural plantation area of Juglans sp. trees 12 species (24%) were collected. Table 1. Range of Substrate Types. Tabelul 1. Rangul tipurilor substratelor. Epiphytic Taxa Saxicolous Taxa Terricolous Total Juglans Plathanus Carpinus Tilia Pseudacacia Elaeagnus Calcareous Siliceous Taxa Number 12 8 7 4 3 1 19 9 4 50 Percentage 24 16 14 8 6 2 38 18 8 100 36 56 The comparison of subrates (Table 1) in species-level gives us the data of lichen diversity in Dobrogea Region. Saxicolous taxa are higher in number in all the study sites with 28 species (56%), while 19 (38%) species of which are on calcareous, and 9 (18%) species are on siliceous substrata. The number of corticolous taxa is 18 (36%) and the number of epiphytic species in comparison of subrate-sample-level is higher on Juglans sp.: 12 (24%); Plathanus sp.: 8 (16%); and Carpinus sp.: 7 (14%); decreasing on Tilia sp.: 4 (8%); Pseudacacia sp.: 3 (6%) and Elaeagnus sp.: 1 (2%). Terricolous taxa are represented with 4 species (8%) of the total. Cladonia and Squamarina genera have the only terricolous species in this study. Substrate types of all the taxa correspond with those in the literature. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank to; Mr. Ilhan Mustafa, Principal of Palatal Copiilor Constanta for his hospitality; to Mrs. Viorica Cociasu Teacher of Chemistry, Palatal Copiilor Constanta, for her friendly partnership in Comenius Project "Green Days Green Cities" and support in this study; and to Mr. Mihai Calipetre for the excursions in Constanta and Tulcea. REFERENCES BartokK. 1988. Raspdndirea genului Diploschistes Norm, in Romania. St. Cere. Biol. Ser. Biol. Veget. 40(2): 91-98. Brummitt R. K &Powell C.E. 1992. Authors of Plant Names. Royal Botanical Gardens Kew: 1-732. ClURCHEA M. 1998. Catalog of Lichens in Romania, http://www.bgbm.org (2008). Ciurchea M. 2007. Lichenologic Flora of Romania, http://lichens.duci.ro (2008). Clauzade G. & Roux C. 1985. Likenoj De Okcidenta Europo Ilustrita Determinlibro. Bulletin de la Societe Botanique du Centre - Quest Nouvelle Serie - Numero Special: 7. 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Die Flechten Baden-Wurttembergs. Teil 1-2. Stuttgart: Ulmer. ***. National Strategy and Action Programme Concerning Prevent and Control of Desertification, Land Degradation and Drought (Strategia Nationala si Programul de Actiune Privind Combaterea Desertificarii, Degradarii Terenurilor si Secetei). 2000. United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. Republic of Romania, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Forests. Bucharest. Mustafa Yavuz Teacher of Biology, Comenius Coordinator, Pendik Kaynarca Sevket Sabanci Lisesi Pendik 34899, ISTANBUL - TURKEY e-mail: mustafay007@gmail.com, mustafay007@hotmail.com Giilsah ^obanoglu Assoc. Prof. Dr. University of Marmara, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Goztepe Campus, 34722, ISTANBUL - TURKEY e-mail:gulsahcobanoglu@marmara.edu.tr 21